Breaking News: Landmark Decision SCOTUS Grants Donald Trump Partial Immunity

06:22

5 Assassination Teams after Trump, and Other Heartwarming News!

more_vert

AwakenWithJP check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:50:22

Breaking History Ep. 62 - Breaking out of Plato's Cave with 9/11

more_vert

Badlands MediaVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:50:11

Bethany Hamilton: Men in Women’s Sports, Marriage Advice, and Why You Need to Homeschool Your Kids

more_vert

The Quartering check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:16:40

Culture of Change Ep. 69 - 6:00 PM ET -

more_vert

Badlands MediaVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

02:54

Trump Obliterates Rude Nasty Fake News Reporter

more_vert

MeThePerson check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

18:29

Putin holds meeting with Indonesian Defense Minister

more_vert

MeThePerson check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

59:00

"SILK SETTLES IT" Security Breach, Border Czar, Identity Politics, Media

more_vert

Diamond and SilkVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:43

Border Czar Kamala Questioned JD Vance's Loyalty — He Obliterated Her to Her Very Core

more_vert

Rated News check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

03:47:30

The Alex Jones Show — FULL SHOW 7/26/24

more_vert

The Alex Jones Show check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

27:43

UN Court Deals HUGE BLOW To Israel. This Will HURT Zionism For Decades.

more_vert

tailgunnerjim check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,

UN Court Deals HUGE BLOW To Israel. This Will HURT Zionism For Decades.
Neutrality Studies
118K subscribers

55,533 views Jul 21, 2024
The International Court of Justice just delivered another land-mark ruling concerning Israel’s illegal occupation of Palestine that, judging from Netanyahu’s furious reaction, must really hurt. So, let’s have a look at this.

The Advisory Opinion: https://www.icj-cij.org/sites/default...

Before going into the ruling of the International Court of Justice (or the ICJ as I will call it from here on), let’s make it clear what we are dealing with here.

Because, while this is a highly significant decision that had to be duly voted on by all the court’s 15 judges, it is not an enforceable judgment over a concrete case brought to the ICJ by a UN member, like the South Africa case against Isreal. There is no “guilty” verdict or punishment attached to this one. What the court produced was a so-called “advisory opinion” on a legal matter which the UN General Assembly asked it to produce.

Why did the Assembly do this? Well, advisory opinions from the ICJ are the most authoritative interpretations of international law that you can get. It means the court’s 15 lawyers and their teams studied a certain legal question for months and years and then deliver a judgment in the sense of a “super expert opinion” on the matter.

In the practice of international law, these opinions then become “sources of law,” which itself can serve several purposes
1. They can be the basis for future verdicts on concrete questions if members decide to drag each other to the court.
2. They can inform UN members at the General Assembly and the Security council of what the law actually says, which makes it easier to argue for or against resolutions that might be proposed. Which is something we can expect to happen in this case. The General Assembly will certainly in the future create resolutions that will be based on this verdict.

The second thing to note is that while Israel forcefully “rejects” the ruling and certainly won’t adjust its behaviour. This is a big set-back for the Zionist project.

You see, International Law is not like domestic law. It’s not enforceable the way that domestic law is. It also doesn’t come about the same way as domestic law. Domestic law is made (usually) by legislative bodies, (usually) called parliaments. They are more or less concrete rules which are then used by the state machine to structure social live inside a country.

International Law doesn’t work like that, because there is no world parliament with the same force over everyone. The UN General Assembly might look a bit like a parliament but it really isn’t the same kind of institution. International Law represents first and foremost the “general collective will” of the international community as expressed through treaties, declarations, custom, and—expert opinions.

So what this verdict signifies is another instant of “the world” not recognising Israel’s claims over Palestinian lands. Of course Israel is angry now and says, literally, “The people of Israel are not occupiers in their own land and in their eternal capital, Jerusalem” — this is actually a quite useful statement, because exactly this is the core of the issue. The verdict means that the world does not recognise precisely this claim, namely that Israel, by virtue of Jews having lived in these lands 2000 years ago, derives some magical historical rights over the land. This is not a concept of international law and won’t be one. And Isreal is furious about not being able to impose its will here.

Because, you know, this is a very big problem Zionism since Isreal’s entire political strategy is to just create facts on the ground. Isreal’s idea ever since its establishment in 1948 has been to just ignore international law, do things that are clearly considered crimes under that law, just take the land, replace the people who are living there, and, over time, let that become a fact of international live.

This is not even a new strategy as this is exactly how all successful settler colonial states were created. New people from Europe eradicated native populations, set up their own states and those became members of the international community by virtue of all other states at the time recognising them. You see, recognition by other states is really the core of how international law works.

International Law is the will of the world, so if the wold loses the will to oppose Israel and actually recognises its claims, then those claims will become “legal” in the sense of being recognised by the international community. Past actions will always remain illegal under past IL, but for the future they will become recognised and the illegality of them will seize.

03:10

BREAKING: Senator Chuck Grassley Obtains Bodycam Footage From Day of the Assassination Attempt

more_vert

Rated News check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:27

Kamula Harris Drunk Again Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

more_vert

BrookeCerda check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

02:07

Eles não discursam o ódio, eles praticam. Vejam a própria militante da Globo rezando a cartilha do Ódio.

more_vert

Primitivus check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

07:08

PA town manager drops new info on attempted Trump assassination

more_vert

MeThePerson check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

46:22

The Brief - Monday July 15, 2024

more_vert

Badlands MediaVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

51:49

Judge Dismisses Manslaughter Charges Against Alec Baldwin in Middle of Trial-590

more_vert

SheinSez check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:30:36

Far Right DEFEATED Across Europe - RIOTS ERUPT, Are We NEXT?!

more_vert

Slightly Offensive check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,

The recent elections in France and the UK show that centrists and leftists are united to stop any sort of nationalism from rising across Western Europe. What does this mean for the future of The West and will the USA follow in their path? Plus, we discuss the “Sketch” controversy and some interesting perspectives on the leaked OF, Trump & JD Vance join teams to keep abortion legalized, and once again we look at a new videos of our favorite group of people behaving badly.
__
⇩SUPPORT THE SHOW⇩

➤ JOIN CENSORED TV: Watch this FULL EPISODE ad free + EXCLUSIVE content at https://censored.tv/ promo code “OFFENSIVE” for 20% - Keep free speech media alive!
➤ JOIN THE PRIVATE LIVE COMMUNITY: https://elijahschaffer.locals.com/
➤ NOTICER T-SHIRTS / MERCH: https://slightlyoffensive.com/
__
⇩ SHOW SPONSORS⇩

➤ UNDERTAC: Get the best pair of boxers in America that are breathable, don't ride up, and last the test of time. Plus, they are battle forces tested. http://www.undertac.com
for 20% off with the offer code OFFENSIVE20. Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back.

➤ BLACK FOREST SUPPLEMENTS: Do you want to improve your health and increase longevity? Presenting NMNH by Black Forest Supplements — a patented & clinically tested bioavailability enhancer used to dramatically increase NMNH absorption. NMNH is a derivative of the B-vitamin niacin that dramatically improves health and longevity by serving as a precursor to NAD+, a compound that plays a crucial role in energy production, muscle regeneration, metabolism, and gene expression in the body. Go to https://www.blackforestsupplements.com/slightly to pick up a bottle or SAVE 20% by subscribing!

➤ THE WELLNESS COMPANY: Be prepared for what is coming next! Order your MEDICAL EMERGENCY KIT ASAP at https://www.twc.health/offensive and enter code OFFENSIVE for 10% off. The Wellness Company and their licensed doctors are medical professionals you can trust, and their medical emergency kits are the gold standard to keeping you safe! Again, that’s https://www.twc.health/offensive , promo code OFFENSIVE.

__
⇩ELIJAH’S SOCIAL MEDIA ⇩
➤ X: https://X.com/ElijahSchaffer
➤ RUMBLE: https://rumble.com/c/SlightlyOffensive
➤ INSTA: https://www.instagram.com/slightlyoffensive.tv
➤ TELEGRAM https://t.me/SlightlyOffensive
➤ GAB: https://gab.com/elijahschaffer
__
⇩FOLLOW MIKE ⇩
➤ X: https://X.com/mikemendozajpg
__
➤BOOKINGS + BUSINESS INQUIRIES: MIKE@SLIGHTLYOFFENSIVE.COM
__
⇩EXCELLENT RESOURCES FOR KIDS ⇩

Head to https://bit.ly/teach-freedom for a unique book series that introduces the important ideas that schools no longer teach.

09:32

Breaking News: Landmark Decision SCOTUS Grants Donald Trump Partial Immunity

more_vert

BuzWeaver check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

21:01

Samuel Brannan, The Gold Rush PSYOPS (Swiss Honeypot)

more_vert

Free Your Mind Videos check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:02:13

Mainstream Media REACTS to Pres. Biden's Debate Performance

more_vert

The Daily Signal check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

06:49

ANTIFA is Mad Cops Won't Help Them as Jews Beat Them Up

more_vert

TheSaltyCrackerVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:00:51

BASED Man Refuses To Dance With Drag Queens

more_vert

Young America's Foundation check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:01:08

Vladimir Putin lands in North Korea for first visit in 24 years

more_vert

The Telegraph check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:12:18

Are You an NPC?

more_vert

Kurzgesagt â€“ In a Nutshell check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,Take control over what occupies your mind with Ground News. Go to https://ground.news/nutshell to get 40% off unlimited access to a news platform that helps you break free from manipulative algorithms and discover news you might be missing. And to make the most of your new optimistic life, check out our brand new Curiosity Guide: https://shop.kgs.link/OptimisticCuriosity Sources & further reading: https://sites.google.com/view/sources-free-will/ You may think you have free will and can choose what you do, but this might be an illusion. Your body is made up of particles that blindly follow the laws of physics, with every outcome already predetermined. So, you might not have any free will at all. Is free will an illusion, or does it exist? Which philosophical camp is right? OUR CHANNELS ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ German: https://kgs.link/youtubeDE Spanish: https://kgs.link/youtubeES French: https://kgs.link/youtubeFR Portuguese: https://kgs.link/youtubePT Arabic: https://kgs.link/youtubeAR Hindi: https://kgs.link/youtubeHI Japanese: https://kgs.link/youtubeJA Korean: https://kgs.link/youtubeKO HOW CAN YOU SUPPORT US? ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ This is how we make our living and it would be a pleasure if you support us! Get Products designed with ❤️ https://shop.kgs.link Join the Patreon Bird Army ? https://kgs.link/patreon DISCUSSIONS & SOCIAL MEDIA ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ TikTok: https://kgs.link/tiktok Reddit: https://kgs.link/reddit Instagram: https://kgs.link/instagram Twitter: https://kgs.link/twitter Facebook: https://kgs.link/facebook Discord: https://kgs.link/discord Newsletter: https://kgs.link/newsletter OUR VOICE ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ The Kurzgesagt voice is from Steve Taylor: https://kgs.link/youtube-voice OUR MUSIC ♬♪ ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ 700+ minutes of Kurzgesagt Soundtracks by Epic Mountain: Spotify: https://kgs.link/music-spotify Soundcloud: https://kgs.link/music-soundcloud Bandcamp: https://kgs.link/music-bandcamp Youtube: https://kgs.link/music-youtube Facebook: https://kgs.link/music-facebook The Soundtrack of this video: SoundCloud: https://bit.ly/4cgMO2a Bandcamp: https://bit.ly/45lOAg8 If you want to help us caption this video, please send subtitles to subtitle@kurzgesagt.org You can find info on what subtitle files work on YouTube here: https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/2734698?hl=en-GB&ref_topic=7296214 Thank you! ??? PATREON BIRD ARMY ??? ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀ Many Thanks to our wonderful Patreons (from http://kgs.link/patreon) who support us every month and made this video possible: Rick Mildebrath, Uriel Perez Villegas, Nate Pitts, Earth2.0!, Maik Seifert, Richie C, Angela Hartmann, Matthew Deane, Orobas, Crazy Nilo, Z00, Jay Morrow, Nightmare Punches, Sputnik, Aziz A, Justin Silagyi, William porter, Mishell Steel, Michelle Cruz, Mystari Alyssa Endris, UglyBagOfMostlyWater, Nico Holzer, Oekida, Max Castonguay, damir randic, King Pin, Max Santmire, Bishop, schoenbrunn, isaiah watson, Ismael TR, Takuneru, Malek Sabra, H, Jorge Limon-Ramirez, Robbie de la haye, Kasper Bengtson, Dmitry Dimov, Joseph Mixon, Kristian Vizcarra, Pilier51, Logan J McMillan, Maximilian Gruber, Tobias Arlt, Itamar, Gretchen Bonasera, Marco Sawaya, Sinmis077, Tung Vu, Tanya, LukeOnTheBrightSide, Giovanni Rizzo, Dylan Gonzalez, Benjamin Guan-Kennedy, Dan, Sam Hecht, Petter Sælen, Emile Ponson, Dan Sauer, Volo Herzon, The_Party_Octopus, Felix Parey, Dillon Hearne, Peirce Ellis, EstefaníaDelSol, Mick_Holtel, Viz, David Grivel, Christine Gunter, Craig Brennan, Nicolas, BerniNotFound, Nico Cronan, Will Garmon, KatzeLP xx, Tom Bricaud, Zakariaâ Rida, Jessie-Naomi Horsman, Arthur H. Sakamoto, Damien Burley, blarglenarf, William Sharkey, skibur, Blaze Lumini, Generic panda, Ethan Salafsky, Charles Vane, The Scoot, Rachel Alexander, David DeBroux, Carly

04:19

There’s something happening register voters chase ballots do the work November is coming

more_vert

RedpillUSAPatriots check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

54:19

TRIPLE CATASTROPHE - 6000-Year Cycle Happening Now. Suspicious0bservers

more_vert

TheWarAgainstYou check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,

TRIPLE CATASTROPHE - 6000-Year Cycle Happening Now. Suspicious0bservers
-
NOT GLOBAL WARMING, BUT GLOBAL FREEZING IS THE TRUE THREAT
-
Earth Weather is Primarily Driven by Solar Activity. The only Man Made Climate Disruption is coming from the Geoengineering and Weather Manipulation being done by World Government. If Global Warming does in fact occur, it would swiftly cause a blockage of the Gulf Stream and the World would Shift Into an ICE AGE.
Even now the Gulf Stream is beginning to be disrupted.
-
The Government and the Real Scientists that we are never allowed to hear from most certainly know far more than they will ever tell us.
-
To be honest. I believe if the Psychopaths running our world could help TO CAUSE the Earth to enter into a Catastrophic Event, THEY WOULD DO IT.
-
THEY WOULD SURVIVE. WE WOULD NOT
-
But in Truth. All they have to do is shut down the Electrical Grid for 6 months to a year and there would be a Mass Die Off...
-
TheWarAgainstYou
***
93,542 views June 5, 2024
Suspicious0bservers
-
The Catastrophe Evidence
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-sGPCMIQZLw
-
See also:
Wikipedia on Heinrich Events
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_event
-
Gulf Stream Could Collapse As Early As 2025, Study Suggests
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/25/gulf-stream-could-collapse-as-early-as-2025-study-suggests
-
The Day After Tomorrow (Movie)
https://amzn.to/45ipIGb
-
.................
UNDERSTANDING THE LIES is right. The Magnetic Pole Shift is extremely concerning. The Solar Minimum has dramatically is weakened our atmospheric protection. And the MSM News and the Academics are indeed Covering Up past catastrophic events and the current danger of a potentially looming catastrophic event. The people would never be given a warning. The Elite would simply go underground and leave us all to a Road Warrior existence.
-
However. I do not agree that such a Catastrophic Event is Inevitable in our lifetime. I am far more concerned with the Threat From Globalist's and our own Government than from anything coming from Nature...
-
TheWarAgainstYou
***
UNDERSTANDING THE LIES:
"The Earth is becoming more and more vulnerable to solar activity. I would never deny the significance of the ongoing economic issues, potential for World War 3, loss of freedom due to governments and the World Economic Forum pulling their Agenda 2030 nonsense, but folks, despite the evidence being right in our faces, the media is completely ignoring what is happening to the Earth. The magnetic pole shift and geomagnetic excursion are progressing and in the coming years we are going to lose all modern technology and the foundations of modern civilization. It doesn't get much worse than this, especially since other real global issues seem to be overshadowing it completely in the public forum."
-
-- Ben Davidson, SpaceWeatherNews, @SunWeatherMan on X
-
FAIR USE FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES
-
MIrrored From:
https://www.youtube.com/@Suspicious0bservers
-
Via: https://www.bitchute.com/channel/right_wing_nuclear_armed_aussie/

01:09

"What the ****, Dude!" Cops Finds Angry Rattlesnake While Searching Car

more_vert

BreitbartVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:02

Trump responds to Biden's "make my day, pal" challenge to debate - and it doesn't disappoint.

more_vert

Sean Hannity check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

02:25:08

Harrison Smith American Journal 5 9 24 Trump Docs Case Derailed After Mar-A-Lago Setup Exposed

more_vert

Infowars War Room With Owen Shroyer check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:26:14

Is Joe Rogan Confirming Terrence Howard's Theories? "He Is A Legitimate Genius"

more_vert

Video Advice check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,This is the original video, "Terrence Howard | Full Address and Q&A | Oxford Union" - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ca1vIYmGyYA&t=2234s ✅ SELF-HYPNOSIS AUDIO PROGRAMS: Reprogram Your Subconscious Mind https://bit.ly/3w7mRjt Check out Terrence Howard's book, which he generously made free and available to everyone. Get the book here: https://tcotlc.com/ ✅ Explore Terrence Howard's groundbreaking work and dive deeper into his insights by following his journey. ?? https://www.terryslynchpins.com/ ?? https://www.youtube.com/ @thpdevelopmentvideos6793 ?? https://www.youtube.com/ @thelynchpinproject7779 Time Stamps: 0:00 Joe Rogan "Terrence Howard Is a Genius" 0:32 DNA Frequencies 5:22 The 6000-Year-Old Secret 12:32 Terrence Has Been Investigating This for 45 Years 17:23 Earth Moves 6 Inches From the Sun Yearly 18:22 Mathematical Loops 22:26 How Would You Like Your Money Calculated? What you are about to encounter will challenge and potentially redefine your perception of reality. This journey will shake the very foundations of our understanding of the world. Every belief, every piece of knowledge you hold dear, will be scrutinized, questioned, and potentially transformed. As we delve into this profound exploration, a veil will be lifted from your eyes, illuminating truths previously obscured, and you will begin to see the world in a new light. It is with profound respect and deep gratitude that we acknowledge Terrence Howard's monumental contribution to this awakening. The book we are about to engage with is not just a collection of pages or ideas; it is a gateway to a new understanding, a testament to Terrence's dedication to uncovering and sharing the truth. His decision to make this book freely available is a gift of immeasurable value, reflecting his genuine desire to enlighten and empower us all. Terrence Howard has devoted his life to the pursuit of knowledge, to challenging the status quo, and to seeking answers to the fundamental questions that define our existence. His work is an invitation to embark on a journey of discovery, to question the narratives we've been taught, and to open our minds to the infinite possibilities that lie beyond conventional understanding. For making this knowledge accessible to everyone, for striving to awaken humanity to a broader comprehension of our universe, we extend our heartfelt thanks to Terrence. The generosity in sharing his life's work without expecting anything in return is a rare and noble act that deserves our deepest appreciation. ________________________________________________________________________ Voiceover by Video Advice Speaker: Terrence Howard Footage provided by Storyblocks and Artgrid Music provided by Epidemic Sound and Artlist References used under Fair Use Law ________________________________________________________________________ ? For any concerns or business inquiries, please get in touch with us at videoadvice@yahoo.ro

58:49

Inside The Mind Of Telegram Founder Pavel Durov: An Exclusive Interview With Tucker Carlson

more_vert

Just a Dude check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:39:36

Return of the MAGA King | CobraCast 199

more_vert

DDayCobra check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:57:32

?Tana Goertz Unfiltered: Apprentice, Fear Factor, and Trump - Untold Stories on Back to the Podcast!

more_vert

The Next News Network check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,? Welcome to another extraordinary episode of 'Back to the Podcast,' where we dive into the time machine with our special guest, Tana Goertz! ? Tana, known for her impressive run on 'The Apprentice' and pivotal role in the Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign, joins host Gary Franchi for a journey through her most influential life moments. ? Following Doc Brown's instructions, we embark on a thrilling adventure through time, revisiting key dates that shaped Tana's incredible story. From the nerve-wracking finale of 'The Apprentice' to her daring feats on Joe Rogan's 'Fear Factor,' and her dynamic involvement in the world of politics, we explore the turning points that define her journey. ? Tana opens up about the challenges, triumphs, and lessons learned along the way. She shares candid insights into her experiences in the high-pressure world of reality TV and the cutthroat realm of political campaigning. This is more than just a podcast; it's a voyage to the pivotal moments that have defined a remarkable career. ? But wait, there's more! We don't just talk about these moments; we 'time travel' to them! Experience the tension, the excitement, and the emotion as if you were there. 'Back to the Podcast' isn't just a show; it's a journey through time and the human experience. ? Discover how Tana turned her non-college graduate status into a strength, how she overcame fears and faced challenges head-on, and how she navigated the complexities of the political landscape. Each stop in our time travel brings to life a story of determination, resilience, and success. ? Join us in this captivating episode as we unravel the life of Tana Goertz, guided by the enigmatic instructions of Doc Brown. Be ready for an adventure through time, filled with revelations, inspirations, and a firsthand look at the moments that have made Tana a true force in her various endeavors. ? Don't miss out! Tune into 'Back to the Podcast' for this unforgettable episode. Subscribe, like, and share for more time-traveling adventures with the most influential personalities of our time. View the full episode here: https://youtu.be/OBStA70k9EM Connect with Tana! http://youtube.com/@HeyTanaTV http://facebook.com/tanagoertz http://twitter.com/heytana http://instagram.com/heytana http://heytana.com Check out our Link Tree: https://linktr.ee/nextnews Sub to the channel: http://nnn.is/Sub-to-N3 Get On Our Email List: http://nnn.is/email-newsletter-next-news ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SUPPORT THE OUR REPORTING AT THE LINKS BELOW! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Donate With Paypal: https://nnn.is/give-once Give BTC: 13Hd1HFqS5CDLCMcFQPWu9wumubo6X2hSM Next News T-Shirt Shop: http://nnn.is/get-your-gear-here Books That Teach Freedom! https://bit.ly/teach-freedom Get the equivalent of a Ph.D. in libertarian thought and free-market economics online for just 24 cents a day! Visit: http://LibertyClassroom.org Be Ready in ANY disaster. Stock up on Survival Food here: http://PrepareWithGary.com ---------------------------------------- FOLLOW US ON SOCIAL! --------------------------------------- https://truthsocial.com/@NextNewsNetwork https://parler.com/garyfranchi https://gettr.com/user/nextnewsnetwork Telegram: https://t.me/nextnewsnetwork1 https://Minds.com/NextNews https://Minds.com/GaryFranchi https://BitChute.com/channel/NextNewsNetwork https://Real.Video/channel/NextNewsNetwork http://Facebook.com/NextNewsNet http://Twitter.com/NextNewsNetwork http://Twitter.com/garyfranchi http://NextNewsNetwork.com Copyright Disclaimer: Citation of articles and authors in this report does not imply ownership. Works and images presented here fall under Fair Use Section 107 and are used for commentary on globally significant newsworthy events. Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for fair use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Community Guidelines Disclaimer: The points of view and purpose of this video is not to bully or harass anybody, but rather share that opinion and thoughts with other like-minded individuals curious about the subject. #NextNews

05:19

Irish Light Newspaper's "Died Suddenly" Article Censored And Countered By Government PsyOp

more_vert

FanaticVoyage check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:08:08

UFC has FINED Dricus Du Plessis $10,000 after MULTIPLE WARNINGS! Conor McGregor vs Paulo Costa?

more_vert

Full Mount MMA check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:01:23

Fact-checking videos claiming to show New Year’s Day tsunami in Japan

more_vert

VERIFY check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

29:51

The Deep State Prepares Counter Narrative, Truth Will Win - Episode 1664b - X22Report - 2018

more_vert

Info Worm check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

,

Published on Sep 14, 2018

"Learn How To Use Crypto Currencies
Join The Crypto School
Watch Crypto Traders Trade
http://x22reportschool.com
X22 Report Is An Affiliate Of The Crypto School
w/ Remain Calm LLC

Check Out The X22 Report Spotlight YouTube Channel – https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1rn...

Join the X22 Report On Steemit: https://steemit.com/@x22report

Get economic collapse news throughout the day visit http://x22report.com
Report date: 09.14.2018

We are now seeing an all out ban on social media platforms. They deep state is trying to hide the truth, they will not succeed. The deep state is preparing to counter the MOAB, they are using using projection to show the government uses fake news and Facebook will now tell if a photo or video is real or not.The PM of Iraq will not run for another term. Trump lashes out at Kerry for interfering with government business and wants to know if Kerry has registered as a foreign agent. France is warning if Idlib is attacked the paid mercenaries won't have any place to go and they will scatter, once again not true, look at the other towns that were liberated, the paid mercenaries were captured, transported by the deep state, what they are worried about is that if Idlib is liberated it is game over.

All source links to the report can be found on the x22report.com site.

Most of artwork that are included with these videos have been created by X22 Report and they are used as a representation of the subject matter. The representative artwork included with these videos shall not be construed as the actual events that are taking place.

Intro Video Music: YouTube Free Music: Cataclysmic Molten Core by Jingle Punks

Intro Music: YouTube Free Music: Warrior Strife by Jingle Punks

Fair Use Notice: This video contains some copyrighted material whose use has not been authorized by the copyright owners. We believe that this not-for-profit, educational, and/or criticism or commentary use on the Web constitutes a fair use of the copyrighted material (as provided for in section 107 of the US Copyright Law. If you wish to use this copyrighted material for purposes that go beyond fair use, you must obtain permission from the copyright owner. Fair Use notwithstanding we will immediately comply with any copyright owner who wants their material removed or modified, wants us to link to their web site, or wants us to add their photo.

The X22 Report is "one man's opinion". Anything that is said on the report is either opinion, criticism, information or commentary, If making any type of investment or legal decision it would be wise to contact or consult a professional before making that decision.

Use the information found in these videos as a starting point for conducting your own research and conduct your own due diligence before making any significant investing decisions."

If you appreciate the things I find then please consider purchasing a few dollars of Sandy Hook Hoax token on the Algorand blockchain https://vestige.fi/asset/1156612691
Things live forever and permanently on the blockchain and if the token gets enough support we can ensure that all of the hard work everyone has done and continues to do doesn't one day get all traces of it eliminated. Keep saving, archiving, seeding, downloading and sharing everything. If you don't you allow them to erase and rewrite history how they see fit. Remember that you pay them to tell you what you can talk about. :)

06:49

LA Residents Beat The Hell out of Lefty Terrorists Blocking the Freeway

more_vert

TheSaltyCrackerVerified check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:01:00

Chmielnik 1241 - Mongols in Poland #fyp #documentary #mongols #history #military #tactical #war

more_vert

Kings and Generals check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

00:07:03

Tom Aspinall: 'I showed up when the real champion didn't - I want Stipe next'

more_vert

TheMacLife check_circle

1 views 2 years ago

01:34:03

The Daily Show with the Angry Conservative - Episode 66

more_vert

Angry Conservative check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

11:13

Confronting Taboos: Exploring Superiority of Black Athletes in Sport is Considered Racist By Student

more_vert

TheDrNasirShaikhShow check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

15:50

Dr. John Campbell - Covid vaccine effectiveness - stop the spread of the virus

more_vert

Not MSM check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

10:57

Is This The Best Shotgun Setup For Home Defense? - Benelli M4

more_vert

Colion Noir check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

00:02:05

Arrest warrants issued after boaters attack Alabama dock employee

more_vert

ABC7 check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

01:03:52

The Coming A.I. Reckoning - Part 2

more_vert

RHCBakersfield check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

11:57

White Psychopaths in Haití, Sugar was The First Fentanyl

more_vert

BrookeCerda check_circle

1 views 3 years ago

,

As Haití Burns, Never Forget: Whites/Arabs Did That

When comparing them side-by-side, the story of the American Revolution ain’t got shit on the history of Haití.

For Afrikan people, Haiti represents the most beautiful story of strength, resistance and freedom that has ever been told. It is the story of a people who thrust off the chains of bondage and took their liberty from the hands of their oppressors.

But when discussing anything having to do with the country of Haiti, we should never forget that every bit of struggle in Haiti is related to the legacy of slavery, capitalism and American hypocrisy.

As unrest envelops Haiti once again, it is important for us to remember that Haiti suffers from a worldwide collusion between America and European countries intent on making the tropical paradise suffer.

To blame Haiti’s problems on white people is not a harebrained hypothesis. It is an unbelievably treacherous fact that it often sounds like a kooky conspiracy theory.

Yes, Haiti is poor. Yes, there is widespread government corruption in the country. But there is also one other unignorable fact:

White people did this.

“In fourteen hundred ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.”

Christopher Columbus never set foot on North American soil. While there is some debate about where he first landed in the Caribbean (partly because he was a terrible navigator), we know he arrived on the island of Hispaniola on December 5, 1492.

In A Pest in the Land: New World Epidemics in a Global Perspective, Suzanne Alton writes that most historians estimate the population of the Island of Hispaniola was around 500,000 to one million people when Columbus’ fleet arrived. Columbus immediately took possession of the island, began redirecting the native Taino people’s food and resources to the Europeans, began enslaving the natives and killing the population with disease and brutality that it is described as “surely the greatest tragedy in the history of the human species.”

25 years after Columbus set foot in the place we now call Haiti, less than 14,000 Taino were alive. So the Spanish began importing slaves, believing them to be more sturdy workers. By the time the French took control of 2/3rds of the island and established the colony of French Santo Domingo (or Saint-Domingue), there were zero natives, 25,000 Europeans, 22,000 free coloreds and 700,000 African slaves, according to the 1788 French Census.

The world had changed by then. A revolution was happening in France. North of the island, there was a brand new country called the United States of America. Thomas Paine, an American, had also written a book titled The Rights of Man asserting that freedom was a universal right that all human beings deserved.

Toussaint Louverture, an Afrikan resident of the French colony, inspired by Paine’s book and the stories of the American and French revolutions, led a slave revolt that took control of France’s mostly black, Caribbean paradise.

But France, lusting for a new colony for whites (like the United States) and led by the greatest European warrior in the world, sent an army to capture Louverture and crush the slave rebellion.

The colonizing army was well-trained, more experienced and better-financed than this group of slave rebellers. They figured conquering the rebellion would be light work.

The slaves kicked Napolean Bonaparte’s ass.

Gen. Jean-Jacques Dessalines proclaimed victory and ordered the slaves to destroy any Frenchman who remained on the island, announcing: “We have repaid these cannibals, war for war, crime for crime, outrage for outrage.”

The citizens of the newly freed country would forever remember the history of their brutal oppression at the hands of Europeans. They even tossed the Spanish and French names for their country and renamed it in the language of the now-extinct Taino people. Since that day, a white man has never ruled the place we now call “Haiti.”

America hates Haiti.

White people around the globe hate Haiti.

To be fair, not all white people think of Haiti as a “shithole country.” Polish soldiers who went to fight against the uprising in Haiti refused to lay a hand on Haiti’s black slave rebellers. When the revolutionaries destroyed the white colonizers, they spared the Polish inhabitants on the island.

The reason Haiti is impoverished is mostly America and France’s fault. They did this while the rest of the European powers watched quietly. So no, not all white people destroyed Haiti. Just some white people.

Mostly America.

Which is enough.

Understanding what America and France, two of the most powerful countries in the world, did to Haiti requires a suspension of disbelief because it is so insane that it sounds like fiction. But it is a historical fact that France’s and the United States’ approach to Haiti would devastate the Haitian economy, thrusting Haiti into a poverty that would last to this very day.

Haiti is poor because America and France instituted the most racist economic foreign policy that ever existed.

Not even two decades after Haiti gained its independence, France demanded that Haiti compensate former French slaveowners for the value of all those slaves who set themselves free. Yes, France and the land of the free, home of the brave, essentially demanded reverse slave reparations.

In 1825, France sent warships to Haiti and demanded 150 million Francs. Not only did the United States agree, but they backed up France’s demands for the debt on the international stage, imploring European countries to ignore Haiti’s existence until it paid this money.

A Historical Account of the Black Empire of Hayti

Contents.

A SUCCINCT historical View of the Colonies of Hispaniola and St. Domingo,
from the Discovery of Hayti, by Columbus, to the Height of their
Prosperity in 1789 15–69

Origin of the Revolutionary Spirit of this Period in
St. Domingo 69–77

Account of the Progress and Accomplishment of the Independence
of St. Domingo 77–132

State of Manners on the Independence of the Blacks in St. Domingo,
with a Memoir of the Circumstances of the Author’s Visit to
the Island in 1799 132–148

View of the Black Army, and of the War between the French Republic and
the independent Blacks of St. Domingo 148–216

On the Establishment of a Black Empire, and the probable Effects of
the Colonial Revolution 216–218

Blake—and his wife Cotto. They are buried in the cemetery of Shepperton, near
Walton-on-Thames, Middlesex, England. The entire epitaph is quoted in the Gentle-

Bibliography

Account Book of the Deputy Paymaster General, Hispaniola, 1796–77. National Library of Jamaica, Kingston.

Adanson, Michel. Histoire naturelle du Sénégal. Coquillages. Avec la relation abrégée d’uvoyage fait en ce pays pendant les années 1749, 50, 51, 52 et 53. Paris: Bauche, 1757.

Almanack and Register for the Island of Jamaica. Kingston, 1782.
Alumni Dublinesis: A Register of the Students, Graduates, Professors, and Provosts of Trinity
College in the University of Dublin. Dublin: A. Thom, 1935.
Anderson, Adam. An historical and chronological deduction of the origin of commerce
from the earliest accounts to the present time, containing an history of the great com-
mercial interests of the British empire. London: Millar, 1764.
Anderson, James. A Few Facts and Observations on the Yellow Fever of the West Indies.
Manchester: Harrop, 1799.
The Annual Register. London, 1791–1804.
The Annual Review; and History of Literature. London: Longman and Rees, 1803.
The Anti- Jacobin Review and Political Magazine. London, 1806.
Archenholz, Johann Wilhelm von. Geschichte der Flibustier. Tübingen, 1803.
———, ed. Minerva. Jena, 1802, 1806.
Ardouin, Beaubrun. Etudes sur l’histoire d’Haïti. 11 vols. Paris: Dézobry et Magdeleine,
1853–60.
Barbot, Jean. A Description of the Coasts of North and South Guinea and of Ethiopia In-
ferior, vulgarly Angola. In Collection of Voyages and Travels, ed. Thomas Astley and
J. Churchill. 5 vols. London, 1732.
Barthelemy, Anthony Gerard. Black Face, Maligned Race: The Representation of Blacks
in English Drama from Shakespeare to Southerne. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State Uni-
versity Press, 1987.
Beard, John Relly. Toussaint L’Ouverture: A Biography and Autobiography. Boston: James
Redpath, 1863.
Bell, Madison Smartt. Toussaint Louverture: A Biography. New York: Pantheon, 2007.
Benezet, Anthony. Some historical account of Guinea, its situation, produce, and the gen-
eral disposition of its inhabitants. 1771. London: Owen, 1772.
Benzoni, Girolamo. Historia del Mondo Nuovo. Venice, 1565.
Bercy, Drouin de. De Saint-Domingue: de ses guerres, de ses révolutions, de ses ressources,
et des moyens à prendre pour y rétablir la paix et l’industrie. Paris: Hocquet, 1814.
Bernheim, Alain. “Le ‘Bicentenaire’ des Grandes Constitutions de 1786: Essai sur les
cinq textes de référence historique du Rite Écossais Ancien et Accepté,” part I,
Renaissance Traditionnelle 68 (1986): 241–63; part II, Renaissance Traditionnelle 69
(1987): 29–80; part III, Renaissance Traditionnelle 70 (1987): 99–138.
Bibliographie de la France: ou Journal général de l’imprimerie et de la librairie. Paris, 1829.

bibliogrAPhY 323
Charmilly, P. F. Venault de. Lettre à M. Bryan Edwards, en Réfutation de son Ouvrage in-
titulé Vues Historiques sur La Colonie Française de St. Domingue, &c. London, 1797.
Chartrand, René, and Francis Back. Napoleon’s Overseas Army. London: Osprey, 1989.
Chartrand, René, and Paul Chappell. British Forces in the West Indies, 1793–1815. Lon-
don: Osprey, 1996.
Chateaubriand, François-René de. Mémoires d’Outre-Tombe. 42 vols. Paris, 1849–50.
[Chesterfield, Philip Dormer Stanhope, Lord]. Preface. Love Elegies by James Ham-
mond. Dublin: J. Potts and S. Watson, 1742. iii–iv.
Clark, James. A Treatise on the Yellow Fever as it Appeared in the Island of Dominica in the
Years 1793–4–5–6. London: J. Murray and S. Highley, 1797.
Clark, Murtie June. Loyalists in the Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War. Balti-
more: Genealogical Publishing, 1981.
Clavin, Matthew. “Race, Rebellion, and the Gothic: Inventing the Haitian Revolu-
tion.” Early American Studies 5.1 (2007): 1–29.
———. Toussaint Louverture and the American Civil War: The Promise and Peril of a
Second Haitian Revolution. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009.
Cobbett’s Weekly Political Register. London, 1802–4.
Colquhoun, Patrick. Treatise on the Police of the Metropolis. London: H. Fry, 1796.
Cook, James. A Voyage to the Pacific Ocean. 3 vols. London: Strahan, 1784.
Coulon, Jean Philippe Garran de. Rapport sur les Troubles de Saint- Domingue. 4 vols.
Paris: 1797–99.
Crissé, Lancelot Turpin de. Commentaires de César, avec notes historiques, critiques et
militaires. 3 vols. Paris, 1785.
The Critical Review; Or, Annals of Literature. London: J. Mawman, 1801, 1806.
Curran, Stuart. Poetic Form and British Romanticism. Oxford: Oxford University Press,
1986.
Daguillard, Fritz. Enigmatic in His Glory: Toussaint Louverture (1743–1803). Port-au-
Prince: Musée du Panthéon Nationale Haïtien, 2003.
Dallas, R. C. The History of the Maroons, from their Origin to the Establishment of their
Chief Tribe at Sierra Leone. 2 vols. London: Longman and Rees, 1803.
Décret de l’Assemblée Générale de Saint-Domingue, rendu le 28 mai 1790, à l’unanimité; et
développement de ce décret par l’assemblée aux observations sur ce décret par l’assem-
blée provinciale du Nord, en date de 1er juin. Paris, 1790.
Desclaisons, M. Précis des histoires d’Alexandre le Grand et de Jules César, et de leurs faits
militaires, soit comparés soit opposés entre eux; suivi de différents points de comparai-
son ou opposition entre ces deux généraux. 2 vols. Paris, 1784.
Doyle, Arthur. A Hundred Years of Conflict: Being some Records of the Services of Six Gen-
erals of the Doyle Family, 1756–1856. London: Longmans, Green, 1911.
Dubois, Laurent. Avengers of the New World: The Story of the Haitian Revolution. Cam-
bridge: Harvard University Press, 2004.
Dubroca, [Jean-Louis]. The Life of Toussaint Louverture, Chief of the French Rebels in St.
Domingo. Translated from the French. London: H. D. Symonds, 1802.
Duffy, Michael. Soldiers, Sugar, and Seapower: The British Expeditions to the West Indies
and the War against Revolutionary France. Oxford: Clarendon, 1987.
Dunn, Richard S. Sugar and Slaves: the Rise of the Planter Class in the British West Indies,
324 bibliogrAPhY
1624–1713. 2d ed. Chapel Hill: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and
Culture and University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
Du Tertre [Jean-Baptiste]. Histoire générale des Antilles habitées par les François. 4 vols.
Paris: Thomas Iolly, 1667–71.
Echard, Laurence. The History of the Revolution and the Establishment of England in the
Year 1688. London: Hyde and Dobson, 1725.
The Eclectic Review. London: C. Taylor, 1806.
The Edinburgh Review. Edinburgh, 1806.
Edwards, Bryan. An Historical Survey of the French Colony in the Island of St. Domingo.
London: Stockdale, 1797.
———. The History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies. 3d
ed. 3 vols. London: Stockdale, 1801.
Emerson, William K. Chevrons: Catalog of U.S. Army Insignia. Washington: Smithsonian
Institution Press, 1983.
Estimates and Accounts: Army; Navy; Ordnance; Civil List; Miscellaneous Services. Vol.
13. London, 1818.
An Exhibition of miniatures owned in South Carolina and miniatures of South Carolinians
owned elsewhere painted before the year 1860. Charleston: Carolina Art Association,
Gibbes Memorial Art Gallery, 1936.
Fick, Carolyn E. The Making of Haiti: The Saint Domingue Revolution from Below. Knox-
ville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990.
Fischer, Sibylle. Modernity Disavowed: Haiti and the Cultures of Slavery in the Age of
Revolution. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004.
Fortescue, J. W. A History of the British Army. 4 vols. London: Macmillan, 1910–30.
Fouchard, Jean. Le Théâtre à Saint-Domingue. Port au Prince: Editions Henri Des-
champs, 1988.
Friday’s Post Ipswich Journal. London, 1802.
Gazette Nationale, ou Le Moniteur Universel. Paris, 1791–1805.
Gazette Officielle de Saint-Domingue. Port-au-Prince.
Gazzetta di Milano. Milan, June 26, 1816.
Geggus, David Patrick. “The Arming of Slaves in the Haitian Revolution.” In Arming
Slaves: From Classical Times to the Modern Age, ed. Christopher Leslie Brown and
Philip D. Morgan. New Haven: Yale University Press. 209–32.
———. “British Opinion and the Emergence of Haiti, 1791–1805.” In Slavery and
British Society 1776–1846, ed. James Walvin. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State
University Press. 123–49.
———. “The Cost of Pitt’s Caribbean Campaigns, 1793–1798.” Historical Journal 26.3
(1983): 699–706.
———. “The Great Powers and the Haitian Revolution.” In Haitian Revolutionary
Studies, 171–78.
———. Haitian Revolutionary Studies. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002.
———. Slavery, War, and Revolution: The British Occupation of Saint Domingue, 1793–
1798. Oxford: Clarendon, 1982.
———. “Slave, Soldier, Rebel: The Strange Career of Jean Kina.” In Haitian Revolu-
tionary Studies, 137–51.
bibliogrAPhY 325
———. “The ‘Volte-Face’ of Toussaint Louverture.” In Haitian Revolutionary Studies,
119–36.
The Gentleman’s Magazine. London: Nichols and Son, 1806.
Goldsmith, Oliver. “The Traveler.” In The Poetical Works of Dr. Goldsmith. London:
Osborne and Griffin, 1785.
Gómara, Francisco López de. La Historia general de las Indias. Saragossa, 1552.
Göttlingische gelehrte Anzeigen. Göttingen, 1802.
Gray, Thomas. “Ode on the Spring.” In The Poetical Works of Thomas Gray, LL. B. Lon-
don: Scatcherd, 1799.
Grégoire [Henri]. Lettre aux citoyens de couleur et nègres libres de Saint-Domingue, et
autres isles françoises de l’Amérique. Paris: imprimerie du patriote français, 1791.
———. De la littérature des nègres, ou Recherches sur leurs facultés intellectuelles, leurs
qualités morales et leur littérature. Paris, 1808.
Guichard, Karl Gottlieb. Mémoires militaires sur les Grecs et les Romains. The Hague,
1757.
Hakluyt, Richard. Diverse Voyages Touching the Discoverie of America. London, 1582.
Hayley, William. An Essay on Epic Poetry: in five Epistles to the Revd. Mr. Mason. Lon-
don: J. Dodsley, 1782.
———. The Life of Milton, in three parts. 2d ed. London: Cadell and Davies, 1796.
[Henry I of Haiti]. Manifeste du Roi. Cap Henry: P. Roux, 1814.
Herodotus. The Landmark Herodotus. Robert B. Strassler, ed. Andrea L. Purvis, trans.
New York: Pantheon, 2007.
Herrera y Tordesillas, Antonio de. Historia general de los hechos de los Castellanos en las
islas y tierra firme del Mar Oceano. 1601–15.
Histoire Générale des Voyages. 15 vols. Paris: Didot, 1697–1763.
Howard, Thomas Phipps. The Haitian Journal of Lieutenant Howard, York Hussars, 1796–
1798. Roger Norman Buckley, ed. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1985.
Hughes, Derek, ed. Versions of Blackness: Key Texts on Blackness from the Seventeenth
Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Hume, David. A History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution in
1688. 6 vols. London: T. Cadell, 1762.
An Inquiry into the Causes of the Insurrection of the Negroes in St. Domingo, to which are
added Observations of M. Garran-Coulon on the Same Subject. London: J. Johnson,
1792.
James, C. L. R. The Black Jacobins. 2d ed. New York: Vintage, 1989.
Kay, John. A Series of Original Portraits and Caricature Etchings. With Biographical
Sketches and Illustrative Anecdotes. Edinburgh: A & C Black, 1877.
Labat, Jean-Baptiste. Nouveau voyage aux isles de l’Amérique. 6 vols. Paris, 1722.
Lacroix, Pamphile de. Mémoires pour servir à l’histoire de la révolution de Saint-
Domingue. 2 vols. Paris: Pillet Aîné, 1819.
Larwood, Joshua. Erratics: by a sailor; containing rambles in Norfolk, and elsewhere.
2 vols. London, 1800.
Las Casas, Bartolomé de. A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies, 1552.
Las Cases, Emmanuel-Auguste- Dieudonné de. The Life, Exile, and Conversations of the
Emperor Napoleon. 2 vols. London: Henry Colburn, 1835.
326 bibliogrAPhY
Laurie, William Alexander. The History of Free Masonry and the Grand Lodge of Scotland.
Edinburgh: Seton and Mackenzie, 1859.
Le Beau, Charles. Histoire de l’Académie royale des inscriptions et belles-lettres, avec les
mémoires de littérature. Vols. 25–39. Paris, 1759–77.
Ledyard, John. “Eulogium.” Proceedings of the Association for Promoting the Discovery of
the Interior Parts of Africa, 1788–1790. London: T. Cadell, 1791.
———. A Journal of Captain Cook’s Last Voyage to the Pacific Ocean. London, 1783.
Leslie, Charles. A New History of Jamaica. London: J. Hodges, 1740.
[Lloyd, Henry]. The History of the Late War in Germany; Between the King of Prussia, and
the Empress of Germany and her Allies. London, 1766.
The London Gazette. London, 1813.
London Metropolitan Archives. Saint Giles in the Fields: Saint Giles High Street, Hol-
born, Camden. Transcript of Burials, January–December 1817. dl/t Item 036/029,
dl/t/036/029.
Long, Edward. The History of Jamaica; Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State
of that Island. 3 vols. London: T. Lowndes, 1774.
Madiou, Thomas, fils. Histoire d’Haïti, 8 vols. Port-au- Prince: Courtois, 1848.
Malenfant, Colonel. Des colonies, et particulièrement de celle de Saint-Domingue: Mé-
moire historique et politique. Paris: Audibert, 1814.
Malouet, Victor Pierre. Collection de mémoires et correspondances officielles sur l’ad-
ministration des colonies et notamment sur la Guiane française et hollandaise. 5 vols.
Paris, 1802.
[Malthus, Thomas]. An Essay on the Principle of Population. London: J. Johnson, 1798.
Martyr, Peter (Martire d’Anghiera, Pietro). De Orbe Novo, 1530.
Métral, Antoine, and Isaac Louverture. Histoire de l’expédition des français à Saint-
Domingue sous le consulat de Napoléon Bonaparte; suivie des Mémoires et Notes
d’Isaac Louverture. Paris: Fanjat Aîné, 1825.
Mintz, Sidney Wilfred. Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History. New
York: Viking, 1985.
The Monthly Mirror: Reflecting Men and Manners. London, 1802.
The Monthly Review; Or, Literary Journal. London, 1801.
Moseley, Benjamin. Medical Tracts. 2d ed. London: T. Cadell, Jr., and W. Davies, 1800.
———. A Treatise on Sugar. London: C. G. and J. Robinson, 1800.
The New Annual Register; Or, General Repository of History, Politics, and Literature. Lon-
don: Stockdale, 1806.
Nussbaum, Felicity. The Limits of the Human: Fictions of Anomaly, Race, and Gender in
the Long Eighteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
[Ogden, James]. The Revolution: An Epic Poem, in Twelve Books. London: J. Johnson,
1790.
Orléans, Pierre Joseph d’. Histoire des révolutions d’Angleterre depuis le commencement
de la monarchie. Paris, 1689.
———. Histoire des révolutions d’Espagne, depuis la destruction de l’empire des Goths,
jusqu’à l’entière et parfaite réunion des royaumes de Castille et d’Aragon en une seule
monarchie. 3 vols. Paris, 1734.
Oviedo [Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés]. La historia general y natural de las
Indias. Toledo, 1526–35.
bibliogrAPhY 327
Pachonski, Jan, and Reuel K. Wilson. Poland’s Caribbean Tragedy: A Study of Polish
Legions in the Haitian War of Independence 1802–1803. Boulder: East European
Monographs, 1986.
Paquin, Lyonel. The Haitians: Class and Color Politics. Brooklyn, NY: Multi-Type, 1983.
A Particular Account of the Commencement and Progress of the Insurrection of the Negroes
in St. Domingo, which began in August 1791. 2d ed. London: J. Sewell, 1792.
Piecuch, Jim. Loyalists, Indians, and Slaves in the Revolutionary South, 1775–1782.
Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2008.
Pierrot, Grégory. “‘Our Hero’: Toussaint Louverture in British Representations.” Criti-
cism 50.4 (2008): 581–607.
Pincus, Steve. 1688: The First Modern Revolution. New Haven: Yale University Press,
2009.
Pluchon, Pierre. Toussaint Louverture: un révolutionnaire noir de l’Ancien Régime. Paris:
Fayard, 1989.
Pocock, Michael Rogers. Out of the Shadows of the Past: The Story of the Great House of
Champs Elysées, Maraval, and an Account of the Families who lived in it, 1780–1932.
Port of Spain: Paria Publishing, 1993.
Pope, Alexander. An Essay on Man. In Epistles to a Friend. Epistle I. London: 1733.
———. “Prologue.” In Cato, by Joseph Addison. 1713. London: Longman, Lowndes,
Bladon, Cadell et al. 1795.
———. “Sappho to Phaon: From the Fifteenth of Ovid’s Epistles.” In The Major
Works, by Alexander Pope. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Postlethwayt, Malachy. The Universal Dictionary of Trade and Commerce. London:
J. Knapton, 1757.
Pulis, John W. “Bridging Troubled Waters: Moses Baker, George Liele, and the African
American Diaspora to Jamaica.” In Moving On: Black Loyalists in the Afro-Atlantic
World, ed. John W. Pulis. New York: Garland, 1999. 183–222.
Rainsford, Captain [Marcus]. A Memoir of Transactions That Took Place in St. Domingo
in the Spring of 1799. London: R. B. Scott, 1802.
Rainsford, Marcus. Geschichte der Insel Hayti: Oder, St. Domingo besonders des auf der-
selben errichteten Negerreichs. Trans. Doctor Levi and Posstefretär Roch. Hamburg:
A. Schmidt, 1806.
———. An Historical Account of the Black Empire of Hayti: Comprehending a View of the
Principal Transactions in the Revolution of Saint Domingo; with its Antient and Modern
State. London: Cundee, 1805.
———. St. Domingo, of het land der Zwarten in Hayti en deszelfs Omwenteling. 2 vols.
Amsterdam: Johannes Allart, 1806.
———. St. Domingo; Or, an Historical, Political and Military Sketch of the Black Repub-
lic. 2d ed. London: R. B. Scott, 1802.
———. St. Domingo; Or, an Historical, Political and Military Sketch of the Projected
Black Republic. 3d ed. London: R. B. Scott, 1802.
———. Translation of an Official Communication from the Government of Hayti. Bristol:
John Evans, 1816.
[Rainsford, Marcus]. An Hymeneal on the Marriage of the Right Hon. Francis, Earl of
Moira, etc. etc. etc., to the Right Hon. Flora, Countess of Loudon; on the 12th Day of July,
1804. London: Isaac Bisset, 1804.
328 bibliogrAPhY
———. The Revolution; Or, Britain Delivered: A Poem in Twelve Cantos, with Notes His-
torical and Explanatory. Edinburgh: Creech; and London: Cadell, 1791.
———. The Revolution; Or, Britain Delivered: A Poem in Ten Cantos. 2d ed. London:
R. B. Scott, 1800.
Raynal, Guillaume Thomas François. A Philosophical and Political History of the Settle-
ments and Trade of the Europeans in the East and West Indies. Trans. J. Justamond.
5 vols. 2d ed. London: T. Cadell, 1776.
Robertson, William. The History of America. 3 vols. 6th ed. London: Strahan and
Cadell, 1792.
Roussier, Michel. “L’éducation des enfants de Toussaint Louverture et l’Institution
nationale des colonies.” In Toussaint Louverture et l’indépendance d’Haïti: Témoig-
nages pour un bicentenaire, ed. Jacques de Cauna. Paris: Editions Karthala, 2004.
Saint-Rémy, Joseph. Mémoires du Général Toussaint-L’Ouverture, écrits par lui-même,
pouvant servir à l’histoire de sa vie. Paris: Pagnerre, 1853.
———. Vie de Toussaint-L’Ouverture. Paris: Moquet, 1850.
Saxe, Maurice de. Mes Rêveries. Paris, 1757.
Scott, David. Conscripts of Modernity: The Tragedy of Colonial Enlightenment. Durham:
Duke University Press, 2004.
Shakespeare, William. Complete Works. New York: Modern Library, 2007.
Slatta, Richard W., and Jane Lucas de Grummond. Simon Bolivar’s Quest for Glory. Col-
lege Station: Texas A&m University Press, 2003.
Sloane, Hans. A Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and
Jamaica, with the Natural History of the Herbs and Trees, Four-footed Beasts, Fishes,
Birds, Insects, Reptiles, &c. Of the last of those islands. 2 vols. London, 1707–25.
Smith, William. A New Voyage to Guinea. London, 1744.
Stephen, James. The Crisis in the Sugar Colonies. London, 1802.
[Stephen, James]. Buonaparte in the West Indies; or, the History of Toussaint Louverture,
the African Hero. London: J. Hatchard, 1803.
———. The Opportunity; Or, Reasons for an Immediate Alliance with St. Domingo. Lon-
don: Hatchard, 1804.
The Times of London. London, 1790–1820.
Tomlinson, Robert. An Attempt to rescue the Holy Scriptures from the Ridicule they incur,
with the Inconsiderate, occasioned by Incorrect Translation. London: Baynes, 1804.
Trouillot, Hénock. Le gouvernement du roi Henri Christophe. Port-au-Prince: Impri-
merie Centrale, 1972.
Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History. Bos-
ton: Beacon, 1997.
Tyson, George F. Toussaint L’Ouverture. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1973.
Tytler, James. A Treatise on the Plague and Yellow Fever. Salem, Mass.: Joshua Cushing
for B. B. Macanulty, 1799.
United Kingdom. The National Archives. Admiralty and Secretariat Papers.
———. Records of the Colonial Office.
———. Records of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury.
———. Records of the War Office.
Vegetius, Flavius. Vegetius: Epitome of Military Science. N. P. Milner, ed. 2d rev. ed.
Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1996.