Susan Warsinger, a volunteer at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, reads an essay about the memories of her grandparents and great grandmother before the Holocaust. It was recorded in September 2022.
,1,In 1942, Ania Drimer was born in the Soviet forced labor camp (gulag) where her parents were deported following the invasion of Poland. Her mother, Ernestine, closely looked after Ania in the gulag and collected food necessary for the family's survival.
On special occasions like today—Thanksgiving—Ania honors her mother by baking her signature walnut torte, which Ernestine taught Ania to bake after they were allowed to leave the gulag and rebuild their lives.
,1,What do a bunny, a ring, and a violin have in common? They’re symbols of kindness from the Holocaust, proof that even in the hardest of times, people still found ways to lift each other up.
#WorldKindnessDay #History #Holocaust
,1,A brick smashing through the bedroom window jolted nine-year-old Susan Warsinger awake on Kristallnacht (or “Night of Broken Glass”) in Nazi Germany on November 9, 1938. Watch to learn how Susan and her brother Joseph managed to outrun danger as war erupted in Europe.
The next First Person conversation with a Holocaust survivor will be available to watch on Wednesday, July 31, 2024.
First Person is a monthly, hour-long interview between journalist Bill Benson and a Holocaust survivor on the Museum’s YouTube page, including questions from the audience. This program is made possible through generous support from the Louis Franklin Smith Foundation.
,1,Ruth Cohen, a volunteer at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, reads an essay she wrote about her immigration to America. It was recorded in September 2022.
The essay was written in a guided writing workshop for survivors of the Holocaust called Echoes of Memory.
,1,Eighty-five years ago, Freya Maier set sail on the MS St. Louis with more than 900 Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany.
What they thought would be their passage to freedom took a dark turn when they were forced to return to Europe. By the end of the Holocaust, 254 refugees had been killed.
Learn the fate of Freya and her dress that symbolized the hope she had for a new life.
,1,Comanche code talker Charles Chibitty was one of many Native Americans who used their languages to communicate secret messages that stumped the Germans and helped the Allies win World War II. Lumbee tribal citizen Jesse Oxendine was part of the 82nd Airborne division that encountered Nazi atrocities when they liberated the Wöbbelin concentration camp and forced local Germans to bury the dead and attend the victims’ funeral services. Watch our commemoration of Indigenous Peoples' Day and learn about courageous Native Americans who confronted Holocaust atrocities while serving their country.
Guest
Alexandra Harris, Co-curator of the exhibit and Co-author of the book "Why We Serve: Native Americans in the United States Armed Forces," Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian
Host
Dr. Edna Friedberg, Historian, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Watch Jesse Oxendine’s testimony describing his service in WWII and the Holocaust atrocities he witnessed when he and the 82nd Airborne Division liberated the Wöbbelin concentration camp: https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn607953
Learn how the 45th Infantry Division—including 2,000 Native American soldiers and nicknamed “Thunderbird” during WWII—liberated the Dachau concentration camp: https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/the-45th-infantry-division
To see other episodes in the Museum's Stay Connected Live series, go to https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWQC3P4psZP6Mh45xyYa2QepIMgkKD4BA
For more personal stories, behind-the-scenes insights, and expert historians, subscribe to the Museum's YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@holocaustmuseum
,1,Lilly Malnik’s young granddaughter, Miriam, couldn’t help but ask about the tattoo on her arm. The series of numbers was inked on Lilly’s body at Auschwitz when she was 15. Over the years, Lilly shared more and more of her painful Holocaust experiences with her granddaughter. Now, together they answer questions from a new generation, reaching millions on social media with Lilly’s story.
Join us as we commemorate Grandparents Day on September 13 at 2 p.m. ET live on Youtube with Lilly and Miriam Ezagui.
Guests
Lilly Appelbaum Malnik, Holocaust survivor and grandmother
Miriam Ezagui, Lilly Malnik's granddaughter and social media influencer
Host
Dr. Edna Friedberg, Historian, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
,1,On November 20, 1945, the world’s attention turned to Nuremberg, Germany. There, Nazi leaders faced judgment before the International Military Tribunal.
The Allied powers went to great lengths to ensure a fair trial as they sought to bring to justice some of the men responsible for the Holocaust and other atrocities committed during World War II.
Discover the groundbreaking technology—and individuals behind the scenes—that paved the way for this unprecedented trial.
,1,The Eyewitness to History video library was created to enable audiences everywhere to hear firsthand testimony from Holocaust survivors. This video was recorded on July 25, 2023. It features Holocaust survivor George Pick, who was born in 1934 in Budapest, Hungary. After Nazi Germany occupied Hungary in 1944, George and his family were required to move into designated housing for Jews. Threats of deportation from Hungarian fascists, who were collaborating with the Nazis, forced the family into hiding. George was sent to an orphanage run by the Swiss Red Cross when their hiding spot was discovered, but he soon escaped and returned to his family. The family was then forced into the Budapest ghetto, where they were held under appalling conditions until their liberation.
Learn more about George: https://www.ushmm.org/remember/holocaust-survivors/volunteers/george-gyoergy-pick
,1,This video examines the choices and motivations of various criminal justice professionals – judges, prosecutors, and law enforcement officers – during the Holocaust and the impact of their actions on Jews living in Germany between 1933 and 1945.
,1,This video discusses the origins of transitional justice in the aftermath of the Holocaust and the Second World War and discusses four key forms of transitional justice – truth seeking, prosecution, reparations, and prevention. Experts Yasmine Chubin and Ambassador Stephen Rapp as well as Rohingya activist Yasmin Ullah discuss the goals and challenges of transitional justice efforts, as well as the role of criminal justice professionals in the aftermath of mass atrocities.
,1,When the Gestapo came to Jeanne Daman’s school and asked for three Jewish children by name, Jeanne felt she had no choice but to comply. That decision changed her.
,1,Susan Warsinger, a volunteer at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, reads an essay about the memories of her grandparents and great grandmother before the Holocaust. It was recorded in September 2022.
,1,René and Renate Guttmann were about six years old when they became subjects in the notorious twins experiments run by SS Dr. Josef Mengele at #Auschwitz. Hear Renate describe the first time they met the Nazi doctor and her overwhelming desire to protect her brother.
,1,Gideon Frieder, a volunteer at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, reads an essay about the Catholic couple who sheltered him in Slovakia when he was a boy, and the revelation he made about them as an adult.
The essay was written in a guided writing workshop for survivors of the Holocaust called Echoes of Memory.
,1,Andrew (Andy) Jampoler was born in Lwów, German-occupied Poland, in January 1942. At the time, his parents, Karol and Hanka, were in hiding to avoid being forced into the ghetto. Hanka was forced to give birth to Andy in their apartment as Jews were no longer allowed to use hospitals. For the next few years, the Jampolers remained on the run. Leave your questions for Andy in the comments.
,1,Today the Museum marked International Holocaust Remembrance Day with a special event featuring Museum Chairman Stuart Eizenstat and the ambassadors of Israel, Poland, France and Germany, as well as the Austrian Federal Minister for the EU and Constitution. Ambassador Eizenstat expressed alarm about the dangerous eruption in antisemitism worldwide and the case before the International Court of Justice.
The event included remarks by Auschwitz survivor Irene Weiss, a memorial candle-lighting, a reading of victim’s names, and opportunities for our visiting public to engage with survivors at various places throughout the Museum building.
,1,The Holocaust is history’s most extreme example of antisemitism, but antisemitism didn’t begin or end with the Holocaust. Here are four antisemitic stereotypes, as explained by historian and scholar Deborah Lipstadt in an April 2020 interview.
,1,In this video, Wai Wai Nu describes her family’s interactions with the criminal justice system in Burma leading up to the genocide of the Rohingya in 2017.
,1,Lilly Malnik’s young granddaughter, Miriam, couldn’t help but ask about the tattoo on her arm. The series of numbers was inked on Lilly’s body at Auschwitz when she was 15. Over the years, Lilly shared more and more of her painful Holocaust experiences with her granddaughter. Now, together they answer questions from a new generation, reaching millions on social media with Lilly’s story. Watch our commemoration of Grandparents Day with Lilly and Miriam Ezagui.
Guests
Lilly Appelbaum Malnik, Holocaust survivor and grandmother
Miriam Ezagui, Lilly Malnik's granddaughter and social media influencer
Host
Dr. Rebecca Erbelding, Historian, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Find out more details about Lilly and her family as described in her ID card:
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/id-card/lilly-appelbaum-malnik
Listen to Lilly’s full oral history from 1990 to hear her describe events in her life before, during and after the Holocaust:
https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504640
Learn how the Nazis defined Jews as a race.
https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/victims-of-the-nazi-era-nazi-racial-ideology
,France,World War II,Holocaust,Vichy France,Hidden Children,Holocaust Survivor,Anti-Semitism,Antisemitism,Holocaust Testimony,ushmm,holocaust museum,bill benson,K7uk0o3YwtI,, Society, channel_UC15plGNCMRkMmREMNkbYJPA, video_K7uk0o3YwtI,The Eyewitness to History video library was created to enable audiences everywhere to hear firsthand testimony from Holocaust survivors. This video was created from a live digital program, First Person: Conversations with Holocaust Survivors, recorded on March 22, 2023. It features Holocaust survivor Joël Nommick, who was born in 1942 in Mâcon, France, although his family lived in Thoissey, a town nearby. Nazi Germany had defeated France in June 1940. In the following years, German occupation authorities and the collaborationist French government enacted antisemitic legislation and restrictions that made life dangerous for Jews. Though they received assistance and some food from neighbors, the family feared discovery and deportation. Joël’s father was arrested in 1942 and held in eight different prisons, military hospitals, and concentration camps, including Auschwitz. Allied forces liberated most of France in 1944, but Joël’s father never returned.
Learn more about Joël: https://www.ushmm.org/remember/holocaust-survivors/volunteers/joel-nommick
,1,The current surge in antisemitic violence and the unfolding of world events underscore the importance of the Museum’s work to share testimonies from Holocaust survivors. They are our most powerful teachers about the consequences of unchecked antisemitism.
Holocaust survivor George Pick remembers coming upon a group of uniformed Hungarian men chanting “death to the Jews” while on vacation with his family in 1943 in the scenic Mátra Mountains. By March 1944, life back home in Budapest had changed forever—as Germany occupied Hungary, and then local officials began requiring Jews to live in crowded buildings, under horrible conditions. George’s family managed to stay alive, even as authorities started deporting Jews or killing them outright.
Watch to learn how young George used his wits and narrowly escaped dying in a massacre of Jewish children along the Danube River.
Hear Holocaust survivor George Pick’s experiences in his own words, which aired on November 15, 2023. First Person is a monthly, hour-long discussion with a Holocaust survivor that is made possible through generous support from the Louis Franklin Smith Foundation.
,1,A timeless image: two children dressed for the holidays standing next to a #Christmas tree. Thousands of similar photos are taken and shared around the holidays every year. But this photograph may have made the difference between life and death.
,1,Solly Perel survived the Holocaust by posing as a student at a Hitler Youth school. If the Nazis had known the truth, they would have murdered Solly for being Jewish.
,1,Surrounded by starvation and death, children in the Łódź ghetto had a hard time imagining their future. But Jewish headmistress Stella Rein fostered an atmosphere for students to learn and grow. Stella’s devotion never wavered—even after the school closed.
As American students return to school, join us to honor teachers who nurtured the minds and spirits of Jewish children during the Holocaust—some at great personal risk.
Guest
Gretchen Skidmore, Director of Education Initiatives, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Host
Dr. Edna Friedberg, Historian, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum
Learn about the choices different teachers made during the Holocaust and hear Holocaust survivors share their personal experiences as students under the Nazi regime: https://www.ushmm.org/teach/teaching-materials/roles-of-individuals/oath/overview/education-under-the-third-reich
See how meaningful it is for a very special teacher in Shonto, Arizona to teach Holocaust history to her students: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ergAIspOpSw
See our previous episode, Teaching During Extraordinary Times, to see how the Nazis used public schools to spread Nazi antisemitic propaganda to young people: https://www.facebook.com/holocaustmuseum/videos/3250690381615847/
,1,Nesse Godin’s life in Lithuania was forever changed when German forces invaded her hometown in 1941. The town’s Jewish residents were forced to wear the yellow star badge, relocated to a ghetto, and then either killed or deported to concentration camps. The community in which Nesse had grown up was completely destroyed. Nesse survived almost four years of Nazi imprisonment, all before her 18th birthday.
,1,Holocaust survivor and Museum volunteer, Ruth Cohen, reflects on her family and why we must learn from the past to take action against antisemitism today.
,1,Holocaust survivors gathered at our Museum to commemorate the largest targeted massacre of Jewish civilians since the Holocaust in the attack on Israel by the terrorist group Hamas.
The survivors in this video are among 40 survivors who volunteer at our Museum. They read an open letter about the murderous attack. Click here to view the full letter: https://www.ushmm.org/information/press/press-releases/an-open-letter-on-the-hamas-attacks-from-a-community-of-holocaust-survivors?utm_medium=socialmedia&utm_source=youtube&utm_campaign=survivoraffairs&utm_content=survivorletterreadingvideo20231012
,1,Echoes of Memory provides survivors who volunteer at the Museum with a powerful outlet to share their experiences and memories—through their own writing. The Museum conducts guided writing workshops to strengthen the writers’ abilities to recount their experiences for the historical record. In these videos, survivors who have taken part in the workshop read their own essays.
This is one more way that the Museum helps survivors—eyewitnesses to the Holocaust—to help new generations gain insight and understanding of Holocaust history from a deeply personal perspective.
This program, originally inspired by the Leave-A-Legacy Writing Workshops developed by the Drew University Center for Holocaust/Genocide Study, has been facilitated since 2001 by Dr. Margaret Peterson. The writer’s workshop model she has employed prioritizes the voice and authority of each writer and allows the participants to support each other in telling his or her own story of survival.
,1,Emanuel (Manny) Mandel: The Eyewitness to History video library was created to enable audiences everywhere to hear firsthand testimony from Holocaust survivors. This video was created from a live digital program, First Person: Conversations with Holocaust Survivors, recorded on December 14, 2022. It features Holocaust survivor Manny Mandel, who was born in 1936 in Riga, Latvia, and grew up in Budapest, Hungary. Manny was chosen for a special exchange in which the Nazis traded his life and those of other Hungarian Jews for money and war supplies (the “Kasztner Train”). He survived internment at Bergen-Belsen before finding refuge in Switzerland and immigrating to Mandatory Palestine.
Learn more about Manny: https://www.ushmm.org/remember/holocaust-survivors/volunteers/emanuel-manny-mandel
