JWST's Discovery of Warped Supernova Poised to Resolve Enduring Cosmic Debate #nasa #space

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JWST's Discovery of Warped Supernova Poised to Resolve Enduring Cosmic Debate #nasa #space The James Webb Space Telescope has unveiled a cosmic spectacle: two supernovas in a distant galaxy, visible as it was 10 billion years ago. This extraordinary sight could be the key to solving a longstanding debate about the universe's expansion rate, a topic stirring considerable excitement in the scientific community. These celestial bodies were captured by both the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes, thanks to gravitational lensing. This phenomenon, where a galaxy cluster's massive gravitational pull warps space into a lens-like shape, magnifies and distorts light from far-off galaxies, offering us a unique view of the cosmos. The story began in 2016 when Hubble first imaged galaxy MRG-M0138, its light warped into five images by the gravitational lens of galaxy cluster MACS J0138.0-2155. In 2019, a bright supernova in MRG-M0138 caught astronomers' attention. Named "Requiem," this was a Type Ia supernova, a stellar explosion marking the end of a white dwarf's life. James Webb's recent observations brought another revelation: a second Type Ia supernova, dubbed "Encore," in the same galaxy. This discovery marks MRG-M0138 as the most distant galaxy with two observed Type Ia supernovas, offering a unique opportunity to delve into one of cosmology's biggest mysteries: the Hubble constant. The Hubble constant represents the universe's expansion rate. Current methods yield two conflicting values, suggesting either measurement errors or unknown physics at play. The cosmic microwave background suggests a rate of 67.4 km/s per megaparsec, while Type Ia supernovas indicate 73.2 km/s per megaparsec. The lensed supernovas in MRG-M0138 offer a new angle. As their light reaches Earth via different paths, they can provide insights into the universe's expansion history. But there's a twist: the final images of these supernovas, essential for accurate measurements, won't appear until around 2035. This delay turns anticipation into a scientific virtue. When these images finally emerge, they could resolve the Hubble tension, offering a definitive answer to whether it's a mere experimental error or a sign of new cosmic phenomena. As we await this celestial event, astronomers worldwide remain poised for a groundbreaking revelation that could redefine our understanding of the universe. Subscribe to Science Time: https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24

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The True Scale Of Modern Nuclear Weapons

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,The terrifying true scale of modern nuclear weapons is beyond what most people can imagine. Nuclear Weapons today are far more powerful than those used in World War II. For example, the B83 nuclear bomb, the largest in the U.S. arsenal, is 80 times more powerful than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. This single Nuclear Weapon could destroy an entire city like Beijing, causing millions of deaths and injuries. Submarine-launched missiles like the Trident II carry multiple Nuclear Weapons. Each missile can deliver up to eight warheads, each 30 times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb. A single Trident II could devastate a city like Moscow, resulting in over 2.8 million immediate fatalities. China's Dongfeng 5 missile is another example of the terrifying power of Nuclear Weapons. It can carry up to 12 warheads, each 66 times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb. If aimed at a city like Washington, D.C., the impact would be catastrophic, with over a million fatalities. Russia's R-36 missile, known as the "Satan" missile, can carry multiple Nuclear Weapons with immense destructive power. Some versions can deliver a single warhead up to 20 megatons, which is over 1,300 times the Hiroshima bomb. At the top of the list is Russia's RS-28 Sarmat missile, nicknamed "Satan 2." This Nuclear Weapon can carry up to 15 warheads and potentially deliver a 50-megaton bomb, causing unimaginable destruction to cities like New York. Even though some countries may face setbacks, the existence of these Nuclear Weapons means that even a few could cause unimaginable damage. The true scale of modern Nuclear Weapons shows that in a nuclear war, there are no winners—only devastating loss for humanity. Sources: https://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/ U.S. Department of Energy https://www.energy.gov/ National Museum of the U.S. Air Force https://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon Subscribe to Science Time: https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24 #nukes #sciencetime #nuclearwinter

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Why It's Impossible To Escape North Korea

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These Are The Events That Will Happen Before 2045 (Singularity)

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,These are the events that will happen before 2045. If we don't blow ourselves up, if an asteroid doesn't strike us down, if a virus doesn't eradicate the human species, or if any other catastrophic event, whether manmade or natural, doesn't occur, it's extremely likely that technological progress will not only continue, but accelerate. What will life be like, in 2045? "Prediction is very difficult, especially, if it's about the future." This quote, often attributed to Niels Bohr, captures the essence of our challenge when trying to foresee the events that will happen before this seemingly arbitrary year. So, what's so special about 2045? Why not try predicting events in 2050, or 2100? In a post-AGI world, if humans are still part of it, it will most certainly mean we have solved the AI alignment problem. A machine capable of outmatching any human in intelligence will create the blueprint for the machine that makes the next machine to achieve any of its goals. Automation will skyrocket, leading to what is called a "post-work society," where machines perform every mundane and even intellectual task. Any existing job will be performed much better by a machine, potentially leading to widespread unemployment. Even intellectual tasks will be outstripped by AI. Obviously, such an intelligent AGI will also be used for good, such as solving complex societal problems like disease. But even if we solve the AI alignment problem, our current political system will need drastic changes to counter the effects of a few companies owning AGI, creating trillions of dollars in wealth while the rest of society is left to starve. A sort of wealth redistribution system, perhaps even devised by AGI, will need to be enacted to address every job being lost to machines. But even if this political system problem is solved, some critics argue that this would create a false Utopia, as many of the now 8 billion-plus free of disease tourists who play Frisbie all the time, still find meaning in their work. Subscribe to Science Time: https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24 #AI #sciencetime #AGI

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JWST Reveals a Treasure Trove of Images Showcasing Spiral Galaxies #jwst #astronomy #universe

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JWST's Discovery of Warped Supernova Poised to Resolve Enduring Cosmic Debate #nasa #space

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,JWST's Discovery of Warped Supernova Poised to Resolve Enduring Cosmic Debate #nasa #space The James Webb Space Telescope has unveiled a cosmic spectacle: two supernovas in a distant galaxy, visible as it was 10 billion years ago. This extraordinary sight could be the key to solving a longstanding debate about the universe's expansion rate, a topic stirring considerable excitement in the scientific community. These celestial bodies were captured by both the Hubble and James Webb Space Telescopes, thanks to gravitational lensing. This phenomenon, where a galaxy cluster's massive gravitational pull warps space into a lens-like shape, magnifies and distorts light from far-off galaxies, offering us a unique view of the cosmos. The story began in 2016 when Hubble first imaged galaxy MRG-M0138, its light warped into five images by the gravitational lens of galaxy cluster MACS J0138.0-2155. In 2019, a bright supernova in MRG-M0138 caught astronomers' attention. Named "Requiem," this was a Type Ia supernova, a stellar explosion marking the end of a white dwarf's life. James Webb's recent observations brought another revelation: a second Type Ia supernova, dubbed "Encore," in the same galaxy. This discovery marks MRG-M0138 as the most distant galaxy with two observed Type Ia supernovas, offering a unique opportunity to delve into one of cosmology's biggest mysteries: the Hubble constant. The Hubble constant represents the universe's expansion rate. Current methods yield two conflicting values, suggesting either measurement errors or unknown physics at play. The cosmic microwave background suggests a rate of 67.4 km/s per megaparsec, while Type Ia supernovas indicate 73.2 km/s per megaparsec. The lensed supernovas in MRG-M0138 offer a new angle. As their light reaches Earth via different paths, they can provide insights into the universe's expansion history. But there's a twist: the final images of these supernovas, essential for accurate measurements, won't appear until around 2035. This delay turns anticipation into a scientific virtue. When these images finally emerge, they could resolve the Hubble tension, offering a definitive answer to whether it's a mere experimental error or a sign of new cosmic phenomena. As we await this celestial event, astronomers worldwide remain poised for a groundbreaking revelation that could redefine our understanding of the universe. Subscribe to Science Time: https://www.youtube.com/sciencetime24